<!--


                                               ╔═╗┌─┐┌┐┌┌─┐┌─┐┌─┐┌┬┐   ╔╦═╗┌─┐┌─┐┬┌─┐┌┐┌   ┬   ╔╦═╗┌─┐┬  ┬┌─┐┬  ┌─┐┌─┐┌┬┐┌─┐┌┐┌┌┬┐  ┌┐ ┬ ┬
                                               ║  │ │││││  ├┤ ├─┘ │     ║ ║├┤ └─┐││ ┬│││  ┌┼─   ║ ║├┤ └┐┌┘├┤ │  │ │├─┘│││├┤ │││ │   ├┴┐└┬┘
                                               ╚═╝└─┘┘└┘└─┘└─┘┴   ┴ ┘  ═╩═╝└─┘└─┘┴└─┘┘└┘  └┘   ═╩═╝└─┘ └┘ └─┘┴─┘└─┘┴  ┴ ┴└─┘┘└┘ ┴   └─┘ ┴


  RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR           GGGGGGGGGGGGGBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB        MMMMMMMM               MMMMMMMMEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEDDDDDDDDDDDDD        IIIIIIIIII               AAA
  R::::::::::::::::R       GGG::::::::::::GB::::::::::::::::B       M:::::::M             M:::::::ME::::::::::::::::::::ED::::::::::::DDD     I::::::::I              A:::A
  R::::::RRRRRR:::::R    GG:::::::::::::::GB::::::BBBBBB:::::B      M::::::::M           M::::::::ME::::::::::::::::::::ED:::::::::::::::DD   I::::::::I             A:::::A
  RR:::::R     R:::::R  G:::::GGGGGGGG::::GBB:::::B     B:::::B     M:::::::::M         M:::::::::MEE::::::EEEEEEEEE::::EDDD:::::DDDDD:::::D  II::::::II            A:::::::A
    R::::R     R:::::R G:::::G       GGGGGG  B::::B     B:::::B     M::::::::::M       M::::::::::M  E:::::E       EEEEEE  D:::::D    D:::::D   I::::I             A:::::::::A
    R::::R     R:::::RG:::::G                B::::B     B:::::B     M:::::::::::M     M:::::::::::M  E:::::E               D:::::D     D:::::D  I::::I            A:::::A:::::A
    R::::RRRRRR:::::R G:::::G                B::::BBBBBB:::::B      M:::::::M::::M   M::::M:::::::M  E::::::EEEEEEEEEE     D:::::D     D:::::D  I::::I           A:::::A A:::::A
    R:::::::::::::RR  G:::::G    GGGGGGGGGG  B:::::::::::::BB       M::::::M M::::M M::::M M::::::M  E:::::::::::::::E     D:::::D     D:::::D  I::::I          A:::::A   A:::::A
    R::::RRRRRR:::::R G:::::G    G::::::::G  B::::BBBBBB:::::B      M::::::M  M::::M::::M  M::::::M  E:::::::::::::::E     D:::::D     D:::::D  I::::I         A:::::A     A:::::A
    R::::R     R:::::RG:::::G    GGGGG::::G  B::::B     B:::::B     M::::::M   M:::::::M   M::::::M  E::::::EEEEEEEEEE     D:::::D     D:::::D  I::::I        A:::::AAAAAAAAA:::::A
    R::::R     R:::::RG:::::G        G::::G  B::::B     B:::::B     M::::::M    M:::::M    M::::::M  E:::::E               D:::::D     D:::::D  I::::I       A:::::::::::::::::::::A
    R::::R     R:::::R G:::::G       G::::G  B::::B     B:::::B     M::::::M     MMMMM     M::::::M  E:::::E       EEEEEE  D:::::D    D:::::D   I::::I      A:::::AAAAAAAAAAAAA:::::A
  RR:::::R     R:::::R  G:::::GGGGGGGG::::GBB:::::BBBBBB::::::B     M::::::M               M::::::MEE::::::EEEEEEEE:::::EDDD:::::DDDDD:::::D  II::::::II   A:::::A             A:::::A
  R::::::R     R:::::R   GG:::::::::::::::GB:::::::::::::::::B      M::::::M               M::::::ME::::::::::::::::::::ED:::::::::::::::DD   I::::::::I  A:::::A               A:::::A
  R::::::R     R:::::R     GGG::::::GGG:::GB::::::::::::::::B       M::::::M               M::::::ME::::::::::::::::::::ED::::::::::::DDD     I::::::::I A:::::A                 A:::::A
  RRRRRRRR     RRRRRRR        GGGGGG   GGGGBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB        MMMMMMMM               MMMMMMMMEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEDDDDDDDDDDDDD        IIIIIIIIIIAAAAAAA                   AAAAAAA


                              ____                                         __   __              _____         __                                     __            
                             / __ \ ____  _      __ ___   _____ ___   ____/ /  / /_   __  __   / ___/ ____ _ / /____ _ ____ ___   ____ _ ____   ____/ /_____ ____ _
                            / /_/ // __ \| | /| / // _ \ / ___// _ \ / __  /  / __ \ / / / /   \__ \ / __ `// // __ `// __ `__ \ / __ `// __ \ / __  // ___// __ `/
                           / ____// /_/ /| |/ |/ //  __// /   /  __// /_/ /  / /_/ // /_/ /   ___/ // /_/ // // /_/ // / / / / // /_/ // / / // /_/ // /   / /_/ / 
                          /_/     \____/ |__/|__/ \___//_/    \___/ \__,_/  /_.___/ \__, /   /____/ \__,_//_/ \__,_//_/ /_/ /_/ \__,_//_/ /_/ \__,_//_/    \__,_/  
                                                                                   /____/                                                                          


                                                                    Find out more about us at http://www.rgbmedia.org

-->

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en-US" >
    <head>
		<meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=1024">
		<title>Economics | The Pittsburgh Jewish chronicle</title>
    	
	<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v14.1 - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ -->
	<meta name="robots" content="index, follow" />
	<meta name="googlebot" content="index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1" />
	<meta name="bingbot" content="index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1" />
	<link rel="canonical" href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/topic/economics/" />
	<!-- / Yoast SEO plugin. -->


<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//ajax.googleapis.com' />
<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//static.timesofisrael.com' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='tribe-common-skeleton-style-css'  href='https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/common/src/resources/css/common-skeleton.min.css?ver=4.12.1' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='tribe-tooltip-css'  href='https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/common/src/resources/css/tooltip.min.css?ver=4.12.1' type='text/css' media='all' />
<meta name="tec-api-version" content="v1"><meta name="tec-api-origin" content="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com"><link rel="https://theeventscalendar.com/" href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/wp-json/tribe/events/v1/events/?tags=economics" /><style type="text/css">html { margin-top: 0 !important; }</style>		<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=PT+Serif:400,400i,700,700i|Roboto+Condensed:300,300i,400,400i,700,700i|Roboto:100,100i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i,900,900i|Roboto+Slab:100,300,400,700">
		<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="//static.timesofisrael.com/css/style.css?ver=1588599939">
		<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="//static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/css/style.css?ver=1534585796">
		<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="//static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/css/colors.css?ver=1534667552">
				<!-- App/Favicon icons -->
		<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="https://static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/images/apple-icon-57x57.png">
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="https://static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/images/apple-icon-60x60.png">
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="https://static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/images/apple-icon-72x72.png">
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="https://static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/images/apple-icon-76x76.png">
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="https://static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/images/apple-icon-114x114.png">
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="https://static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/images/apple-icon-120x120.png">
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="https://static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/images/apple-icon-144x144.png">
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="https://static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/images/apple-icon-152x152.png">
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="https://static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/images/apple-icon-180x180.png">
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192"  href="https://static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/images/android-icon-192x192.png">
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/images/favicon-32x32.png">
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="96x96" href="https://static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/images/favicon-96x96.png">
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="https://static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/images/favicon-16x16.png">
<link rel="manifest" href="https://static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/images/manifest.json">
<meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffffff">
<meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/images/ms-icon-144x144.png">
<meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff">
		<script type="text/javascript" async="async" src="//widgets.outbrain.com/outbrain.js"></script>
		
		
		<meta property="fb:app_id"			content="593589641030779">
		<meta property="og:url"				content="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/topic/economics/">
		<meta property="og:type"			content="website">
		<meta property="og:title"			content="Economics">
		<meta property="og:description"		content="News and views from the jewish community in Pittsburgh, PA">
		<meta property="og:image"			content="http://static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/images/pjc-fb-1200x630.png">
		<meta property="og:image:width"		content="1200">
		<meta property="og:image:height"	content="630">
		<meta name="twitter:card" 			content="summary_large_image">
		<meta name="twitter:site" 			content="PittJewishChron">
		<meta name="twitter:title" 			content="Economics">
		<meta name="twitter:description" 	content="News and views from the jewish community in Pittsburgh, PA">
		<meta name="twitter:image" 			content="http://static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/images/pjc-fb-1200x630.png">
		<meta itemprop="description" 		content="News and views from the jewish community in Pittsburgh, PA">
		<meta itemprop="inLanguage" 		content="en-US">
		<meta itemprop="thumbnailUrl" 		content="http://static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/images/pjc-fb-1200x630.png">
		<meta name="description" 			content="News and views from the jewish community in Pittsburgh, PA">
		<link rel="original-source" 		href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/topic/economics/">

		<script type='text/javascript'>
		var googletag = googletag || {};
		googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || [];
		googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.pubads().setTargeting("advelvet", (Math.floor(Math.random() * 20) + 1) + ""); });
		(function() {
		var gads = document.createElement('script');
		gads.async = true;
		gads.type = 'text/javascript';
		var useSSL = 'https:' == document.location.protocol;
		gads.src = (useSSL ? 'https:' : 'http:') +
		'//securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js';
		var node = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
		node.parentNode.insertBefore(gads, node);
		})();
		</script>

		<script type='text/javascript'>
		var ad_website = 'TOI_JC';
		var ad_page = 'Other';
		var ad_page_type = 'LP';
		googletag.cmd.push(function() {
	
			window.adSlot_ATF_LB_1 = googletag.defineSlot('/264857099/' + ad_website + '/' + ad_page + '/' + ad_page_type + '/ATF_LB_1', [[970, 90], [728, 90], [970, 250], [970, 300]], 'div-gpt-ad-ATF_LB_1').addService(googletag.pubads());
			window.adSlot_BTF_SKY_1 = googletag.defineSlot('/264857099/' + ad_website + '/' + ad_page + '/' + ad_page_type + '/BTF_SKY_1', [[300, 600], [300, 250]], 'div-gpt-ad-BTF_SKY_1').addService(googletag.pubads());
			window.adSlot_BTF_MPU_1 = googletag.defineSlot('/264857099/' + ad_website + '/' + ad_page + '/' + ad_page_type + '/BTF_MPU_1', [300, 250], 'div-gpt-ad-BTF_MPU_1').addService(googletag.pubads());

						
			googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs();
			googletag.pubads().setTargeting('TOI_articleID', '');
			googletag.enableServices();
		});
		</script>
		<!--  google analytics -->
				<script>
		(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){
		(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),
		m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)
		})(window,document,'script','https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga');

		ga('create', 'UA-28398079-1', 'auto');
		ga('create', 'UA-28398079-8', 'auto', 'partnerTracker');
		ga('send', 'pageview');
		ga('partnerTracker.send', 'pageview');

		</script>
		<!--  /google analytics -->

									<script type="text/javascript">
					<!--
					var timer = setInterval("autoRefresh()", 1000 * 60 * 15);
					function autoRefresh(){self.location.reload(true);}
					//-->
				</script>
					
	</head>
	<body class="archive tag tag-economics tag-4255 tribe-no-js" data-google_analytics_partner_id="UA-28398079-8">
		<header class="header">
			<div class="menu-control"></div>
			<div class="container">
				<div class="header-top">
					<ul class="pages-menu">
						<li class="donate"><a href="/donate/">Donate</a></li>
						<li>
							<div class="has-children">
								<a href="/about/" class="dropdown-btn">About Us</a>
								<ul class="sub-menu sub-menu-dropdown">
									<li><a href="/about/">About Us</a></li>
									<li><a href="/contact/">Contact Us</a></li>
									<li><a href="/change-my-address/">Change My Address</a></li>
									<li><a href="/letters-to-the-editor/">Letters to the editor</a></li>
									<li><a href="/suggest-a-story/">Suggest a story</a></li>
									<li><a href="/advertise/">Advertise with us</a></li>
									<li><a href="/subscribe-to-print/"><span>Subscribe to Print</span></a></li>
								</ul>
							</div>
						</li>
						<li><a href="/subscribe-to-print/"><span>Subscribe to Print</span></a></li>
					</ul>
											<ul class="social-header social-small">
							<li class="facebook"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/The-Jewish-Chronicle-of-Pittsburgh-136898671083/" rel="external"><span>Facebook</span></a></li>
							<li class="twitter"><a href="https://twitter.com/PittJewishChron" rel="external"><span>Twitter</span></a></li>
							<li class="subscribe"><a href="/signup/"><span>Newsletter</span></a></li>
						</ul>
									</div>
								<div class="header-middle">
					<a class="logo" href="/"><img src="https://static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/images/PJC_Logo_Header.svg"></a>
				</div>
			</div>
			<div class="search-btn"><a href="/search/"><span>search</span></a></div>
			<div class="header-bottom">
				<div class="container">
					<ul class="main-menu">
						<li class=""><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com">Home</a></li>
<li class="has-children"><a href="#" class="dropdown-btn">News</a>
	<ul class="sub-menu sub-menu-dropdown">
		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/topic/all-headlines/">All</a></li>
		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/topic/local/">Local</a></li>
		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/topic/national/">National</a></li>
		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/topic/world/">World</a></li>
	</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/topic/features/">Features</a></li>
<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/topic/opinion/">Opinion</a></li>
<li class="has-children"><a href="#" class="dropdown-btn">Life Cycle</a>
	<ul class="sub-menu sub-menu-dropdown">
		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/topic/all-celebrations/">All Celebrations</a></li>
		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/topic/births/">Births</a></li>
		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/topic/bnai-mitzvah/">B’nai Mitzvah</a></li>
		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/topic/weddings-engagements/">Weddings & Engagements </a></li>
		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/topic/other-celebrations/">Other Celebrations</a></li>
		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/topic/obituaries/">Obituaries</a></li>
		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/submit-a-lifecycle-event/">Submit a life cycle event</a></li>
	</ul>
</li>
<li class="has-children"><a href="#" class="dropdown-btn">Calendar</a>
	<ul class="sub-menu sub-menu-dropdown">
		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/events/">Events</a></li>
		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/submit-an-event/">Submit an Event</a></li>
	</ul>
</li>
<li class="has-children"><a href="#" class="dropdown-btn">Community</a>
	<ul class="sub-menu sub-menu-dropdown">
		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/topic/community/">Community</a></li>
		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/submit-a-photo/">Submit a photo</a></li>
	</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/the-weekly-edition/">Weekly Edition</a></li>
<li class="has-children"><a href="#" class="dropdown-btn">The Times of Israel</a>
	<ul class="sub-menu sub-menu-dropdown">
										<li><a data-id="4" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com"><span>The Times of Israel</span></a></li>
								<li><a data-id="4" href="http://atlantajewishtimes.timesofisrael.com">Atlanta<br/><span>Atlanta Jewish Times</span></a></li>
								<li><a data-id="3" href="http://jewishweek.timesofisrael.com">New York<br/><span>The Jewish Week</span></a></li>
								<li><a data-id="1" href="http://jewishstandard.timesofisrael.com">North New Jersey<br/><span>The Jewish Standard</span></a></li>
								<li><a data-id="6" href="http://njjewishnews.timesofisrael.com">Central New Jersey<br/><span>New Jersey Jewish News</span></a></li>
								<li><a data-id="5" href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com">Pittsburgh<br/><span>Jewish Chronicle</span></a></li>
								<li><a data-id="2" href="http://jewishnews.timesofisrael.com">United Kingdom<br/><span>The Jewish News</span></a></li>
								<li><a data-id="7" href="https://ajn.timesofisrael.com/">Australia<br/><span>The Australian Jewish News</span></a></li>
								<li><a data-id="0" href="http://www.timesofisrael.com/local/">For Publishers<br/><span>Become a Times of Israel Partner</span></a></li>
	</ul>
</li>						<li class="search-btn">
							<a href="/search/"><span>search</span></a>
						</li>
					</ul>
				</div>
			</div>
			<div class="header-search">
				<div class="container">
					<form class="search-form" method="get" action="/search/">
						<div class="wrap-input">
		               		<input type="text" autocomplete="off" name="q" placeholder="Type here to search" value="" class="search-input" />
		               		<div class="clear-text"></div>
		               	</div>
		               	<input type="submit" value="search" name="submit" />
			        </form>
			    </div>
		    </div>
		</header>
		<div class="main">
		

        <div id="div-gpt-ad-ATF_LB_1" class="banner b970x90 ATF_LB_1">
            <script type="text/javascript">
            googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display("div-gpt-ad-ATF_LB_1"); });
            </script>
        </div>

	<div class="term-header add-border">
		<div class="name">Economics</div>
		
	</div>
<div class="hp_section sticky-sidebar-parent">

		
	<section class="cols4 block items sticky-sidebar-relative">
										<div class="item template1 news">
											<div class="media">
														<a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/local-jewish-organizations-brace-for-uncertain-financial-future/"><img width="400" height="250" src="https://static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/uploads/2020/04/istockphoto-1211454929-2048x2048-1-400x250.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="Community organizations are anticipating difficult times ahead as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Graphic by scaliger/iStockphoto.com" title="Community organizations are anticipating difficult times ahead as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Graphic by scaliger/iStockphoto.com" /></a>
						</div>
										<div class="item-content">
													<div class="date">April 8, 2020, 9:35 am</div>
													<div class="headline">
							<a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/local-jewish-organizations-brace-for-uncertain-financial-future/">
								Local Jewish organizations brace for uncertain financial future							</a>
						</div>
													<div class="underline">
								<a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/local-jewish-organizations-brace-for-uncertain-financial-future/">Synagogues, schools, not-for-profits will all be affected by COVID-19</a>
							</div>
												<div class="byline">
							By <a title="David Rullo | Staff Writer" href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/writers/david-rullo-staff-writer/">David Rullo | Staff Writer</a>						</div>
					</div>
				</div>			

				<div class="item load-more">
					<a href="#" 
					data-before_date="1586338524" 
					data-taxonomy="post_tag" 
					data-term_id="4255" 
					data-numposts="15"
					data-post_tag="">
						Load More
					</a>
				</div>	</section>
	<aside class="cols2 block sticky-sidebar">
		<div class="sticky-sidebar-wrap">
						
        <div id="div-gpt-ad-BTF_SKY_1" class="banner b300x600 BTF_SKY_1">
            <script type="text/javascript">
            googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display("div-gpt-ad-BTF_SKY_1"); });
            </script>
        </div>		</div>
	</aside>
</div>

				</div><!-- end main -->

					<footer class="footer">
				<div class="container">
					<div class="footer-top">
	<a class="logo" href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com"><img src="https://static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/images/PJC_Logo_Footer.svg"></a>
</div>
<div class="footer-middle">
	<div>
		<ul class="main-menu-footer social-footer social-small">
			<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/">home</a></li>
			<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/topic/all-headlines/">news</a></li>
			<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/topic/features/">features</a></li>
			<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/topic/opinion/">opinion</a></li>
			<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/topic/all-celebrations/">life cycle</a></li>
			<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/events/">calendar</a></li>
						<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/topic/community/">community</a></li>
			<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/the-weekly-edition/">Weekly Edition</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://www.timesofisrael.com/ ">the times of israel</a></li>
			<li class="facebook"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/The-Jewish-Chronicle-of-Pittsburgh-136898671083/" rel="external">facebook</a></li>
       		<li class="twitter"><a href="https://twitter.com/PittJewishChron" rel="external">twitter</a></li>
		</ul>
	</div>
	<div>
		<ul>
       		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/about/">about us</a></li>
       		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/contact/">contact us</a></li>
       		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/change-my-address/">Change My Address</a></li>
       		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/letters-to-the-editor/">Letters to the editor</a></li>
       		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/suggest-a-story/">Suggest a story</a></li>
       		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/donate/">donate</a></li>
       		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/subscribe-to-print/"><span>subscribe to print</span></a></li>
       		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/advertise/">advertise with us</a></li>
       		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/privacy/">privacy policy</a></li>
       		<li><a href="https://jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com/terms/">terms and conditions</a></li>
       	</ul>
   </div>
   <div>
   		<div class="newsletter" data-website="jewishchronicle" data-from="footer">
   			<form>
   				<div class="text">subscribe to our newsletter</div>
   				<input type="text" name="email" class="email-address" value="" placeholder="e-mail address">
   				<button type="submit" class="submit"><span>submit</span></button>
   				<div class="newsletter-error">
   					<span>The email is either missing or invalid</span>
   				</div>
   			</form>
   		</div>
   </div>
</div>
<div class="footer-bottom">
	© 2020 <span>PITTSBURGH JEWISH CHRONICLE,</span> All Rights Reseved
</div>				</div>

				<div class="rgbmedia" style="background-color: #fff;color: #000;font-family: Arial,helvetica,sans-serif;text-transform: uppercase;font-size: 10px;height: 60px;">
					<div class="rgbmedia-wrap" style="background-color: #fff;color: #000;font-family: Arial,helvetica,sans-serif;text-transform: uppercase;font-size: 10px;display: flex;align-items: center;justify-content: space-around;height: 60px;max-width: 455px;margin: 0 auto;width: 100%;">
						<div class="text">
							<span class="mh">Concept, design &amp; </span>development by
						</div>
						<div class="rgblogo">
							<a href="http://rgbmedia.org" rel="external" title="RGB Media"><img src="//static.timesofisrael.com/salamandra/images/footer_rgb_black.svg" style="display: block;margin-top: -3px;margin-right: 7px;" height="22"></a>
						</div>
						<div class="text">
							Powered by
						</div>
						<div class="salalogo" style="display: block;margin-bottom: 2px;">
							<a href="http://www.rgbmedia.org" rel="external" title="Salamandra"><img src="//static.timesofisrael.com/salamandra/images/footer_sala_black.svg" style="display: block;margin-top: -3px;" height="14"></a>
						</div>
					</div>
				</div>

			</footer>
		
				<script>
		( function ( body ) {
			'use strict';
			body.className = body.className.replace( /\btribe-no-js\b/, 'tribe-js' );
		} )( document.body );
		</script>
		<script> /* <![CDATA[ */var tribe_l10n_datatables = {"aria":{"sort_ascending":": activate to sort column ascending","sort_descending":": activate to sort column descending"},"length_menu":"Show _MENU_ entries","empty_table":"No data available in table","info":"Showing _START_ to _END_ of _TOTAL_ entries","info_empty":"Showing 0 to 0 of 0 entries","info_filtered":"(filtered from _MAX_ total entries)","zero_records":"No matching records found","search":"Search:","all_selected_text":"All items on this page were selected. ","select_all_link":"Select all pages","clear_selection":"Clear Selection.","pagination":{"all":"All","next":"Next","previous":"Previous"},"select":{"rows":{"0":"","_":": Selected %d rows","1":": Selected 1 row"}},"datepicker":{"dayNames":["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"],"dayNamesShort":["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"],"dayNamesMin":["S","M","T","W","T","F","S"],"monthNames":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthNamesShort":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthNamesMin":["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"],"nextText":"Next","prevText":"Prev","currentText":"Today","closeText":"Done","today":"Today","clear":"Clear"}};/* ]]> */ </script><script type='text/javascript' src='//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.min.js?ver=3.4.1'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='//static.timesofisrael.com/js/responsiveslides.min.js?ver=1.55'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='//static.timesofisrael.com/js/jquery.fitvids.js?ver=1573201118'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='//static.timesofisrael.com/js/global_functions.js?ver=1587545647'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='//static.timesofisrael.com/jewishchronicle/js/functions.js?ver=1499677681'></script>

				
		<!-- facebook -->
		<div id="fb-root"></div>
		<script>
		window.fbAsyncInit = function() {
		    FB.init({
		    	appId      : '593589641030779',
		      	xfbml      : true,
		      	version    : 'v5.0'
		    });
	    	FB.AppEvents.logPageView();

			
		};
		(function(d, s, id){
			var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];
			if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;}
			js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id;
			js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js";
			fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs);
		}(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk'));
		</script>
		<!-- Twitter -->
		<script>
		window.twttr = (function(d, s, id) {
		  var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],
		    t = window.twttr || {};
		  if (d.getElementById(id)) return t;
		  js = d.createElement(s);
		  js.id = id;
		  js.src = "https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";
		  fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs);

		  t._e = [];
		  t.ready = function(f) {
		    t._e.push(f);
		  };

		  return t;
		}(document, "script", "twitter-wjs"));
		</script>
	</body>
</html>